This poster was one of many created for use by the student movement by the Rebel Arts Group in 1934. Rebel Arts was committed to exploring the relationship between art, politics, and revolution. The group also sponsored drama, chess, camera clubs, and a puppet theater. Rebel Arts was part of the Rand School of Social Science, which was founded in 1906 by the Socialist Movement of America in order to provide an education for workers and to serve as a research bureau, a publisher, and to provide a summer camp for workers, trade union activists, and socialists.

In this poster, the Rebel Arts Group portrayed those who joined ROTC as headless conformists. Founded in 1916, ROTC (Reserve Officer Training Corps) trained male students to prepare for war, and was a target of the anti-militarism movements during the 1930s, and for many generations on college campuses thereafter.