Ray P. Chase created these lists based on information provided to him by Dean Edward E. Nicholson, among others, about students from 1934 to 1937. These FBI-like dossiers included political organizations to which students belonged, their on-campus activities, and information about their fathers, in many cases. Chase listed which students were Jews—an antisemitic association of Jews with radicalism and a lack of true Americanism. No other student is identified by religion because Chase understood “Jew” to be a racial designation. His accusations of who was a Communist were most often wrong, based on how these students identified themselves. Chase used this information to demonstrate that the University of Minnesota was infiltrated by communism. He also included the names of organizations he deemed as radical.